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This part of the game is definitely the most complex. Just trying to understand some of the subtle interactions in these phases.

Let’s say it’s player A’s turn he charges with unit A1 at player B’s unit B1 and end the phase in engagement range. Unit B1 is character with the fight first ability. There are no more charges declared.

In the fight phase there is one additional detail here - there are 2 other units already in melee, unit A2 and unit B2, none of them charged.

First question - Since unit A1 charged, I think player A must fight first with this unit even if he wants to fight with unit A2 first? In addition, if unit A1 had not charged, could player A have chosen to fight with unit A2 first? I assume he could not fight first with any unit if he hadn’t charged with any unit as the rules say that the opponent fights first on your turn normally?

I will assume unit A1 must fight first. Unit B1 has fight first ability, but charge overrides this yes? So, in this situation (if we only consider A1 and B1) does A1 still go first?

Again, assuming all the above plays out how I expect, and player A attacks with A1 unit, it now alternates to player B where he can choose any unit of his to fight with (as long as they’re in engagement range of an enemy unit).

Player b now has two options - use unit B1 to fight first or unit B2. It seems it would be in players b best interest to use unit 2 first in the hopes of killing A2 (or reduce their numbers) (because unit A1 can't go next anyway as its already had its turn). Ofc player A will then fight with A2, and then player B will attack with B1. Have I understood the strategy here correctly that it was better to use b2 first to maximise my advantage?

Also, another thing that just happened. Continuing on from the above that it's player As turn but now player B melee attacks A2 (assume neither unit has fought yet). Player B kills a model so that unit A2 is no longer in coherency. When does the coherency check happen here? Is it only after A2 retaliates or does you immediately have to kill of the straggling model? Or does this check only kick in the morale phase and therefore player A has a chance to consolidate on their fight turn?

In the next round when its player B turn, if he does not charge, when it comes to fight stage, does he go first with his unit which has first fight ability? but if he did not have the ability, then opponent would go first?

Hopefully not to confusing what I am asking, thanks!

First of all, there are three steps in the fight phase, fight first, fight normally, fight last.

Unit A1 fights first, because it charged. Then unit B1 fights. Charging units are treated as fight first units. And if two or more units fight first, the players whose turn it is goes first, then the other player fights with a fight first unit, then the other, and so on, until all fight first units have fought.

Now, we move on to units who fight normally. Which are units which already are in engagement range, and didnt charge. Or units which have a fight first, and fight last rule at the same time. Here, the player whose turn is not taking place fights first. In this case it would be unit B2, after that its unit A2. If unit B2 kills models from unit A2, and that unit is no longer in coherency, it must restore coherency when it moves (pile in, consolidate), if thats not possible the unit cant move. The coherency check where you remove models which arent in coherency is done in the morale phase.

Finally, in the fight phase, units who fight last would fight after all units who fought normally.

Here is a pdf explaining the fight phase.

https://www.warhammer-community.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/OQ1TeUZ6hxw5jp1e.pdf

Thanks! Why isn't this in the 350 page rulebook though lol! I am looking at the fight phase now page 228-229. It does say charge units fight first, which I expected, but it does not say anything about "fight first" ability. It does talk about this ability in "rare" rules but again, it does explain the part you said above that figh first units are treated the same as a charge. And it does not indicate that the opponent goes first when normal units fight... as if Warhmmer isn't complicated enough ;-)

The rules for Fight First are in the large rulebook in the Rare Rules section (pages 361-362). However, GW had to clean them up, resulting in the Designer's Commentary and FAQ entry.