The text on the card starts with:
Action.
This means that you have to spend your action in the Activation phase in order to be allowed to read, much less resolve, the rest of the text.
Just like a Proton Torpedo. You do not get to read or resolve the text unless you have a Target Lock. It doesn't matter if the text later talks about something being "free".
You do not gain access to that without the Target Lock.
The reason why the Barrel Roll on the Expert Handling card is called "a
free Barrel Roll action" is because the basic game rules rightly assumes that only a single action is taken per ship. Every action allowed in excess of the first initial action is called "free" (with only one exception, as far as I know).
Another example is the wording of Push The Limit.
In general gaming terms this is often called the Condition, Timing and Effect relation.
Most rules, in any game of sufficient complexity, need to have those parts present in order for the rule to be understandable and resolvable.
Conditions needs to be met in order for the rule to take effect.
Timings tells us when the rule can take effect.
Effects tells us what happens.
Sometimes the Timing is in relation to the Condition ("after having done X, you are allowed to do Y").
Other times Timing stands in relation to Effect ("at the end of the phase roll
3D6 and.....").
Enough rambling. You were right.
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