Short answer: No, you can not use a space wolves character in a space marine army, or the other way around, as they are separate codexes.
Long answer: If your opponent agrees, you can make up a character any way you want.
If you exclusively or regularly play against eachother, then perhaps you could work out a trade where you're allowed to make up a character the way you want it, say taking a space wolves psyker into your marine army after changing his powers. And your opponent is then allowed to mix&match up a character of his own.
Mine would be that in addition to giving Fleet to the entire army, my Shrike version would make all vanguards scoring units.