Laodamia wrote:
So, the Golden men were some kind of nobility? The ruling class of Ancient Terra?

Possibly, I was thinking more along the lines of thinkers and leaders, people who are able to lead and unite.
Laodamia wrote:While the stone men were the early form of the AdMech, expert engineers and scientists (makes a lot of sense IMO).
Although physically inferior to the Golden Race, and not of philosophical temperament and disposition, the Stone Men have in them the conjurations of great artifices and mechanisms. In time, the Golden Race looks to the stars to expand their dominion.
Perhaps they lack the drive and soul of the Golden Men.
Laodamia wrote:But what of the restof the population? What of the normal people inhabiting the Sol System at the time? How were they called?
However, once the burgeoning race of Mankind has taken its first steps into the greater cosmos, the Golden Race dwindles in influence through their dependence on the artifices of the Stone Race. This the Golden Age comes to an end and the Stone Men prevail.
Just appear to be the norms