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So... I read up a bit on the background of the Deathwatch via http://wh40k.lexicanum.com/wiki/Deathwatch#.U3CQFVesLu4 and http://warhammer40k.wikia.com/wiki/Deathwatch
These two sources give two different time periods of the founding and the origin of the name. So my question is: when was the Deathwatch founded?
Also, Lexicanum mentions the Apocryphon Conclave of Orphite IV as the founding of the Deathwatch. Where can I read up on that event and took it place before or after the last wave of Space Marine chapter foundings?

Usually when faced with a clash between Lexicanum or 40kWiki I go with Lexicanum because while it isn't perfect 40kWiki has said some very funny things in the past. Basically just ignore 40kWiki

If you look for the citation Lexicanum claims to have sourced its information from the Deathwatch core rulebook. I'd suggest a lot of the Fantasy Flight RPG's as a good way to find out more about the 40k universe.

If anyone tells you it isn't canon just remind them nothing is.

Thanks for the advice on Lexicanum vs. 40kWiki.

I just looked up the pages given in the sources. It says almost the same as the paragraph on Lexicanum. However, no information on the timeframe (only "centuries ago") or additional information on that Conclave is given.

Check the Histories of the Jericho Reach pdf on the Deathwatch support page. You'll find that the earliest presence of the Deathwatch in the Jericho Reach dates back to 267.M35, implying they've been around at least that long. So while the Apocryphon Conclave says "centuries ago" it does not necessarily mean it is limited to under 1,000 years. In the same way that I could say that the Roman Empire was decades ago. It's not the most accurate manner of speech but it is technically correct.

Thanks, that history of the Jericho Reach is quite helpful.

but it is technically correct.

That's the best kind of correct!