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Since I run chaos, I was thinking about handling a local SM player with a lot of jump units with a list like this

Abaddon - 265
2 x Sorcerors - 120
2 x 35 Cultists w/autoguns - 440
2 x 13 cultists - 124
4 x 2 obliterators MoN - 708
2 x heldrake - 340

I am not providing the list for critique. My question is in regards to Abaddon's warlord trait which gives any unit within 12 inches of abaddon preferred enemy. I am wondering what that means. Does within 12 inches mean the entire unit, or just a portion. If the interpretation is that if just a portion of the unit is within 12 inches of abaddon, then I can run basically everything near abaddon, re-rolling 1s. Or does the interpretation mean that the entire unit has to be within 12 inches? Or, does it mean that only the models within 12 get preferred enemy.

Has anyone run into this issue before. My gut says that that my interpretation is correct. So if I have a unit of 35 cultists, within on one within 12 inches of abaddon, then all 35 get the preferred enemy rule. Let me know your thoughts.

There are rules for measuring between units. As long as you follow those everything is fine.

Many rules in this game that affect models specifically say models.

Cursed Earth for example only affects models within 12 inches, so only part of a unit can benefit from the blessing.

Things that say unit, like abaddons, do in fact affect the entire unit. It is very feasible to give your entire army preferred enemy with a 24 inch diameter. As long as a single cultist in a blob is within 12 inches, the 34 other cultists in addition also get preferred enemy.

The above is true. The rules do cover this situation.

Unless it changed from 6th to 7th edition, preferred enemy states that as long as 1 model in a unit has it, the rest of the unit also benefits from it.

So even if abbadons warlord trait said all models within 12" gain preferred enemy, a single model with it will give the benefit to the entire unit.

Its a moot point with abbadon, but a destroyer lord can give an entire unit of wraiths preferred enemy (everything) which is pretty nice.