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So, after being bored and playing with my calculator a bit:

Chances of a shoota/slugga shot killing a TEQ(Terminator Equivalent):
2/6*1/2*1/6 = 2.8%

Chance of a shoota/slogga shot not killing a TEQ:
97.2%

Chances of 20 boyz not killing a single TEQ by shooting:
Shootaz: .972^40 = 32.4%
Sluggas: .972^20 = 56.9%

Chances of a single CC attack killing a TEQ:
1/2*1/2*1/6 =4.2%

Chances of a single CC attack not killing a TEQ:
95.8%

Chances of 20 boyz not killing a single TEQ in CC:
Shootaz: .958^60 = 7.8%
Sluggas: .958^80 = 3.3%

Total chance for terminators staying unharmed:
Shootaz: 2,5%
Sluggas: 1.9%
Disclaimer: Sluggas are more likely to die before striking.

Note, this is the same chance as shoota boyz killing 7 terminators or sluggas killing 8 (two times average amount of dead terminators).

What's the numbers for say...Lootas shooting into a squad of Assault Terminators?

Or perhaps throwing Nobs at them instead (factoring in various load outs)?

You have calculated average numbers for normal termies then say certainly?
I have done more in depth numbers before now and got 16%, this is striking as it is close to 1/6 which asks the question do you plan for steal the initiative? However, if you want some 16% odds I can give you:

The chances of 11 sluggas and a nob charging a normal termy squad and not killing anyone in shooting and then at most one in cc is 17%.
((35 / 36)^12)*(23/24)^44*(13/18)^3+44*(1/23)*(23/24)^44*(13/18)^3+3*(23/24)^44*(5/13)*(13/18)^3).

Or if you call a waugh and run into combat with 15 sluggas and a nob you have 16% of killing only one or no normal termies.
(((23 / 24)^56) * ((13 / 18)^3)) + (56 * (1 / 23) * ((23 / 24)^56) * ((13 / 18)^3)) + (3 * ((23 / 24)^56) * (5 / 13) * ((13 / 18)^3))

There is also a very reasonable chance you will kill all of them in one turn. You need to play for all likely scenarios not just the average.

Note that LCs greatly reduce the risk of termy causalities. Also termies run in landraiders tend to get the charge, though DA maybe ought not to use raiders. Also if they run CML then when they charge they get 2 frag missiles. Also note lots more factors come into play .

Averages are all you need if you know what a bell curve is

Attacking terminators with a single unit of trukkboyz or Waaagh!ing at them are both bad plays, you could just als well throw MANz at them.

If can't really follow your calculations, as you haven't commented them at all. The first value seems correct, but the secone seems to be too high.

It isn't a bell curve. Which is my only point beware of the tails of the distribution.

It's a skewed bell curve, because you can't kill less than 0 terminators, and you potentially could kill one terminator per attack up to your maximum.

That being said, the skew only really matters above two standard deviations, and inside two deviations, it is for all intents and purposes a bell curve when plotting number of attacks verus number of terminators killed. And getting outside of two standard deviations is unlikely (althought not impossible).