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if a formation sheet doesnt state the faction it belongs too can it technically be from any faction that can take the units and wargear restrictions available in it?

for example here:

skyhammer orbital strikeforce which while based in the ravenguard formations flow charts can be unto itself its own formation. meaning imperial fists, or salamanders

It's a Space Marines Faction. If you're asking whether or not you can use this Formation with different Chapter Tactics, the answer is yes. The only limitation is that the units have to be Space Marines units. No specific Chapter Tactics is mentioned. It's just "fluffiest" with Raven Guard.

Then you're not asking about Faction. Faction is Eldar, Necrons, Space Marines, Daemons, etc. The answer there would be no. So you can't take it with Blood Angels. But that Formation is Space Marines Faction so any Space Marines can take it unless there is a restriction. Like the Scarblade (White Scars Decurion) says they need to be White Scars army or something to that effect. If there is no restriction, any Chapter in Vanilla can use it. Fists, Astral Claws, Minotaurs, Ultramarines. Any of them.

Formation datasheets usually indicate their faction by the faction symbol at the top of the datasheet. In your example the faction is Space Marines, so any chapter with the Space Marines faction could use that formation.